ROUTE OF ADMINSTRATION OF VACCINES

 The recommended routes of administration of vaccines include the followings: 

a. Intramuscular route:

In intramuscular route, the needle is driven deep into the muscular region of the body, at 900 levels to the skin.

Vaccines that are administered through this route are;

i. DPT (diphtheria, Pertussis, tetanus) vaccines.

ii. TT (Tetanus Toxoids) vaccines.

iii. HBV (Hepatitis B) vaccines

b. Sub – cutaneous Route

In subcutaneous route, the needle is driven into the subcutaneous fatty region below the dermis at 450 levels to the skin. Vaccines administered through this route include;

i. CSM (Cerebro – spinal meningitis) vaccines

ii. YF (yellow fever) vaccines

iii. Measles Vaccines

iv. Cholera Vaccines

c. Intra-dermal Route

In this route of administration, the needle is driven just  very little below the skin surface but within the epidermis layer as in the case of BCG (Baccilus, Calmette, Guerin) vaccine.

d. Oral Route

In this route, the vaccine is directly dropped into the child’s mouth and in drops.

IMPORTANCE OF IMMUNIZATION IN REDUCING CHILD MORTALITY

Immunizations against microorganism that causes diseases can prepare the body immune system and help it to fight or prevent infection. They are important for both adults and children in that they can protect same from many diseases out there.

Immunizations protects children from serious illness and complications of vaccine preventable diseases which can include amputation of an arm or leg, paralysis of limbs, hearing loss, convulsions, brain damage and death. Vaccine preventable diseases such as measles, mumps and whooping cough are still a threat.

Immunization is important because:-​

1- It saves lives.

2- Immunization is safe and effective.

3- It protects those you love.

4- It can save your money.

5- It gives future generation the chance to live disease free.

6- It is preventing infection.

7- It is extending life expectancy.

8- It is promoting economic growth.