CHAPTER 14

CHAPTER 14: SAFETY AND RISK MANAGEMENT IN HEALTHCARE 

14.1 Understanding Safety and Risk Management 

Safety and risk management in healthcare involve identifying potential hazards, preventing accidents, and ensuring a safe environment for both patients and healthcare workers. Nursing assistants play a critical role in maintaining patient safety and reducing risks in healthcare settings. 

14.2 Common Safety Hazards in Healthcare 

Falls: Patients, especially the elderly, are at risk of falling due to mobility issues, medication effects, or environmental hazards. 

Infections: Poor hygiene and improper infection control measures can lead to healthcare-associated infections. 

Medication Errors: Administering the wrong medication or dosage can result in serious patient harm. 

Workplace Injuries: Nursing assistants may experience back injuries from improper lifting techniques. 

Violence and Aggression: Patients with behavioral health conditions or dementia may become aggressive. 

Case Study: Preventing Patient Falls 

James, a nursing assistant, notices that an elderly patient is frequently attempting to walk without assistance. He ensures that the patient's call bell is within reach, provides a walker, and reminds the patient to call for help. His proactive approach prevents potential falls. 

14.3 Strategies for Maintaining a Safe Environment 

Proper Use of Equipment: Ensuring bed rails, wheelchairs, and lifts are used correctly. 

Infection Control Protocols: Following hand hygiene, wearing PPE, and disinfecting surfaces. 

Emergency Preparedness: Knowing evacuation routes and procedures for fire, power outages, or medical emergencies. 

Safe Handling of Patients: Using proper lifting techniques to prevent back injuries. 

14.4 Reporting and Addressing Safety Concerns 

Incident Reporting: Documenting and reporting safety incidents immediately. 

Workplace Safety Training: Regular training sessions to keep healthcare workers updated on safety protocols. 

Team Collaboration: Working with nurses and other staff to identify and mitigate risks. 

Scenario: Handling an Aggressive Patient  

A patient with dementia becomes agitated and starts shouting at staff. The nursing assistant remains calm, speaks in a reassuring tone, and avoids sudden movements. She calls for additional assistance, ensuring the safety of both the patient and staff. 

14.5 Ethical Considerations in Patient Safety 

Patient Autonomy: Respecting patients' rights while ensuring their safety. 

Confidentiality: Reporting safety issues while maintaining patient privacy. 

Non-Maleficence: Ensuring that actions do not cause harm to patients.